Planning theory, policy and practice

Spatial planning in different contexts and development scales as well as planning policy at national, regional, local and neighbourhood levels.   The plan led system and policy frameworks, local plans and neighbourhood plans. National policy statements for major infrastructure and other published Government guidance and initiatives. 

Planning and related law

The purpose of planning and the nature and operation of the statutory land use planning system in the UK and the administrative legal and regulatory framework within which it operates related to the built and natural environment. The approaches taken by the different administrations of the UK.  The role of planning law in development  management and the mechanisms used including planning applications, permissions, permitted development, conditions, planning agreements, enforcement and appeals. The regulatory requirements of plan making to ensure compliance with the necessary processes.  Planning for nationally significant infrastructure projects.   

Political framework

The political nature of spatial planning and how planners work within democratic decision making structures including levels of democracy. The role of councillors/politicians, consultees, town and community councils, members of the public, developers, voluntary and single interest groups.  The various means of how interested parties can be involved in the planning process including submitting representations and the implications of challenging decisions and potential consequences.

Sustainability and resource management

Sustainable development and how to balance the needs of communities, government and business, and a range of social, economic and environmental objectives in line with environmental legislation. The contribution that planning can make to the built and natural environment and the implications of climate change.  How spatial planning supports efficient management of resources and use of land. 

Placemaking and design

·         Spatial design and master planning.  Principles and processes for creating high quality places and enhancing the public realm for the benefit of all in society.  The link between placemaking and health and wellbeing. The relationship between development proposals and their physical, cultural and social context, impact on amenity and the wider environment including transport and movement. 

Stakeholder engagement and community involvement

Types of stakeholders including communities, consultees and statutory bodies.  Importance of and reasons for engagement, principles of engagement and how to plan for and achieve effective engagement at each stage of the development process.  Role of communication in planning and importance of working in an interdisciplinary context.  Equality of opportunity.

Economic framework

The economics of land and property markets and of the development process. The rationale of government intervention through planning.   The implications for generating added value for the community.  Development appraisal, viability and evaluation of the impact of planning decisions including planning requirements, agreements and/or conditions. 

Professional ethics and ethical framework

The characteristics of a professional planner, the importance of upholding the highest standards of ethical behaviour and commitment to maintaining and developing professional competence. The required standards of practice and ethics for Chartered Town Planners and the core ethical principles.

Preparation of plans, policies and related documents

Undertake research and analysis of information for planning policy formulation and to prepare material for policy, guidelines and advice.  Typically this would include spatial development strategies and statutory development plans, development briefs, design guides, sustainability appraisal, materials for inquiry, advocacy or presentations in public or to councillors or clients. 

Plan implementation

Implement policies and procedures set out in plans, legislation and related documents.  Typically, this would include statutory development management, the preparation and submission of planning applications, implementation of plans or schemes for matters such as conservation, environmental improvement, economic development or regeneration, infrastructure, minerals or waste.  Site appraisal, feasibility studies and other forms of study preparatory to the submission of a planning application. Planning enforcement, appeals and inquiries. 

Creative vision and design

Produce creative and innovative design strategies, policies and solutions.  Typically, this would include buildings, public realm, landscaping, villages, towns, cities or other parts of the urban and rural environment.

Critical analysis and decision making

Collect data using appropriate systems and software, undertake investigations and research to inform quantitative and qualitative analysis and appraisal.  Weigh evidence and evaluate alternative planning solutions.  Make clear, integrated responses and evidence based decisions.  Demonstrate sound judgement and the ability to balance varying objectives.

Stakeholder management and leadership

Engage with and manage stakeholders and customers and build positive, relationships.  Communicate, negotiate, advocate and mediate effectively and respond appropriately to resolve conflict. 

Project management

Define clear aims and objectives and deliver projects to time and to budget.  Use appropriate information technology.  Lead and manage a process from start to finish and evaluate the outcome identifying actions for improvement and development. 

Collaborative and multidisciplinary working

Work in partnership. Network, create and maintain an environment where information is shared.   

Interpersonal skills

Communicate clearly in writing and verbally. Negotiate and mediate.  Work independently and as part of a team and lead others.  Manage work and time.  Customer and client care.